Final answer:
The third type of relationship mentioned refers to the role of external bystanders, explored within the context of the bystander effect and social psychology. This concept highlights how an individual's likelihood to intervene in emergencies is affected by the presence of others due to the diffusion of responsibility. Relationships are also influenced by the frequency of interaction with others, as seen through the proximity principle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The third type of relationship being referenced involves external bystanders and observers - individuals who are present during an event but do not directly participate in it. Within social psychology, these bystander relationships are often analyzed through the lens of the bystander effect, which is a phenomenon where the presence of others discourages an individual from intervening in an emergency situation. This is attributed to the diffusion of responsibility, where each person feels that someone else will or should take action. Moreover, social relationships and proximity play a significant role in whom we form connections. We are more inclined to develop relationships with those we encounter frequently because it provides more opportunities to get to know them. In literature, a third-person perspective can incorporate an external narrator, who can either provide a biased or unbiased account of the events, depending on whether they're a reliable or unreliable narrator.