Question

Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If a statement is false,

explain why it is false______
A. The proteins of the electron-transport chain remove a pair of high-energy
electrons from the cofactors NADH and FADH2, after which the electrons
move across the inner mitochondrial membrane to maintain the voltage
gradient.
B. Gluconeogenesis is a linear reaction pathway that the cell employs to
generate glucose from pyruvate and is exactly the reverse of the reactions
in the glycolytic pathway.
C. With respect to the amount of energy stored in molecules of the body, 6 g
of glycogen is the equivalent of 1 g of fat.
D. Glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glucose monomers from the glycogen
polymer, phosphorylating them at the same time so that they can be fed
unchanged into the glycolytic pathway.

Answer 1

The statements about the electron-transport chain and glycogen phosphorylase are true, while the statement regarding gluconeogenesis being the exact reverse of glycolysis is false due to unique steps in gluconeogenesis. The comparison of energy storage between glycogen and fat is also false, as fat stores more energy per gram.

Step-by-step explanation:

Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If a statement is false, explain why it is false:

A. True - The proteins of the electron-transport chain indeed remove a pair of high-energy electrons from the cofactors NADH and FADH2, and these electrons move across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which contributes to the maintenance of the voltage gradient required for ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis.

B. False - While gluconeogenesis is a pathway that generates glucose from pyruvate, it is not a linear reaction pathway and is not exactly the reverse of glycolysis. There are unique steps and enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis that bypass the irreversible steps in glycolysis.

C. False - In terms of energy storage, 1 g of fat holds much more energy than 6 g of glycogen. Fat is a more energy-dense molecule, which is why it stores more energy per gram than glycogen (or carbohydrates in general).

D. True - Glycogen phosphorylase indeed cleaves glucose monomers from the glycogen polymer and phosphorylates them, which forms glucose-1-phosphate. This molecule can be converted to glucose-6-phosphate and fed into the glycolytic pathway.