Final Answer
Water moves passively across a membrane through osmosis, driven by a concentration gradient.
Step-by-step explanation
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. This occurs until equilibrium is reached, balancing the concentration on both sides of the membrane. Importantly, it's the movement of water, not solutes, that drives osmosis, allowing for the equalization of water levels.
The process relies on the permeability of the membrane to water molecules while restricting the passage of larger solute particles. This movement is crucial in biological systems, regulating cell volume and maintaining the balance of solutes within cells. For instance, in plant cells, osmosis plays a pivotal role in maintaining turgor pressure, influencing their structure and stability.
Understanding osmosis is vital in various fields, including biology, chemistry, and medicine, as it impacts processes like kidney function, cell biology, and pharmaceutical formulation. Exploring the intricacies of osmosis helps in comprehending fundamental aspects of cellular functioning and the behavior of solutions across biological membranes.