Question

The electrochemical gradient is to diffusion as ________ is to active transport. 80)

A) ATP
B) thermal energy
C) entropy
D) glucose
E) an ion channel

Answer 1

The answer to the student's question is ATP, which provides the necessary energy for active transport mechanisms to move substances against their concentration and electrical gradient.

Step-by-step explanation:

The electrochemical gradient is to diffusion as ATP is to active transport. The electrochemical gradient affects the movement of ions across the cell membrane, where they can move passively down their gradient. However, to move substances against their gradient, cells use active transport, which requires energy. This energy is provided by ATP, which is why ATP is to active transport as the electrochemical gradient is to diffusion. Active transport uses ATP to fuel the transport of molecules or ions against their concentration and electrical gradient through carrier proteins or pumps embedded in the cell membrane.