Final answer:
Transfer RNA (tRNA) binds to the mRNA codon through complementary base pairing to ensure the right amino acid is added during translation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct amino acid is bound to mRNA through the use of transfer RNA (tRNA). tRNA is a small RNA molecule that carries a specific amino acid. Each tRNA molecule has a specific three-nucleotide sequence called an anticodon, which is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA. This complementary base pairing ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain during translation.
When the mRNA codon and tRNA anticodon bind together through complementary base pairing, the amino acid carried by the tRNA is positioned in the correct location to be added to the polypeptide chain by the ribosome.
Overall, the binding of the right amino acid to mRNA is facilitated by the complementary base pairing between the tRNA anticodon and the mRNA codon.