Final answer:
The natural consequences of giving two people executive power include scenarios of executive dominance, where the executive's power increases at the expense of the legislature, and legislative deference, where the legislature may allow the executive to lead on policy. While shared power fosters cooperation and negotiation, executive dominance can affect both domestic and international relations, potentially upsetting the balance of power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The natural consequences of giving two people executive power can lead to scenarios where executive dominance and legislative deference play significant roles in shaping the dynamics of government. The concept of executive dominance refers to an expansion of executive powers, often at the expense of legislative power, within a government. This can manifest in various ways, such as through increased use of executive actions like executive orders, memoranda, and proclamations when legislative bodies fail to enact policies. In turn, legislative deference can occur when legislatures either willingly or by default allow the executive to take the lead on certain policy areas.
Shared power between branches in a system with separation of powers encourages cooperation and often requires negotiation and persuasion. The 'Two Presidencies Thesis' suggests that executives have more independence and influence in foreign policymaking compared to domestic policy. Meanwhile, the power of persuasion becomes an essential tool for executives to work constructively with the legislative branch in creating policy consensus.
Not only do these dynamics affect domestic policy, but they also have a profound impact on international relations and federal power. For example, the Constitution gives the president significant authority as the commander-in-chief and as the figure in charge of foreign policy, allowing more unilateral action in these areas. However, actions taken without legislative support may lead to backlash and can potentially be overturned by successive administrations or other branches of government. Thus, while executive dominance might temporarily streamline decision-making, it can also create long-term challenges for legislative-executive relations and the balance of power.