Final answer:
Astrocytes are the highly branched cells that transfer nutrients between blood vessels and neurons in the CNS.
Step-by-step explanation:
The highly branched cells that transfer nutrients between blood vessels and neurons are astrocytes. Astrocytes are a type of glial cell found in the central nervous system (CNS). They are important for maintaining the chemical environment around the neuron and regulating the blood-brain barrier. Astrocytes provide nutrients and other substances to neurons, regulate the concentrations of ions and chemicals in the extracellular fluid, and provide structural support for synapses.