Final answer:
The megadrought in the southwestern United States is characterized by 'c. Prolonged dry conditions' which leads to significant water shortages and affects ecosystems, agriculture, and human activities in the region. Therefore correct option is C
Step-by-step explanation:
The megadrought affecting the southwestern United States is associated with prolonged dry conditions. In the context of the options provided, the correct answer to the student's question is c. Prolonged dry conditions. The term 'megadrought' refers to a drought that lasts for a decade or longer, often featuring more intense and sustained periods of dry weather than typical droughts. Droughts, including megadroughts, are characterized by unusual low rainfall, water shortages, and a significant reduction in water supplies that affect ecosystems, agriculture, and human activities. Because deserts, like those found in parts of the Southwestern United States, see very little rainfall generally, drought conditions further exacerbate water scarcity challenges in these regions.