Final answer:
True statements about Avogadro's number include that one mole of electrons equals 6.022 x 10²³ electrons and that the mass of one mole of atoms varies with the element. Avogadro's number does not depend on the charge of the particles and is not a small number; it is approximately 6.022 x 10²³.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering Avogadro's number as it applies to atoms or electrons, the following statements are true:
- (a) One mole (Avogadro's number) of electrons is 6.022 x 10²³ electrons.
- (c) The mass of one mole (Avogadro's number) of atoms varies with the identity of the element.
The incorrect statements are:
- (b) The value of Avogadro's number does not depend on the charge of the particles.
- (d) Avogadro's number is not a very small number; it is a very large number, approximately 6.022 x 10²³.
It's important to understand that Avogadro's number is defined as the number of particles, which could be atoms, molecules, ions, or electrons, contained in one mole of a substance. The distinctive characteristic of Avogadro's number is its consistency, meaning that one mole of any substance will always have the same number of particles, although the mass of one mole varies depending on the substance in question.