Final answer:
In his book Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes argued that people are driven by fear of death and the desire for power. He believed that in a state of nature, people would compete for resources, leading to conflict. To avoid this, Hobbes proposed a social contract where people would surrender some freedoms in exchange for security.
Step-by-step explanation:
In his book Leviathan, the philosopher Thomas Hobbes argued that people are driven by fear of death and the desire for power. Hobbes believed that in a state of nature, without any social institutions, humans would constantly compete for resources, leading to scarcity and conflict. In order to avoid this state of perpetual war, Hobbes argued that people would enter into a social contract, surrendering some of their liberties to a governing authority in exchange for security and order.