Final Answer:
When cell cycle arrest occurs at the DNA damage checkpoints, the cell may enter a state known as the G1, S, or G2 arrest. In these arrested states, the cell halts its progression through the cell cycle to allow time for DNA repair.
If the damage is successfully repaired, the cell can resume the cell cycle and proceed with normal cell division. If the damage is too severe to be repaired, the cell may undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis) to prevent the propagation of damaged genetic material.
Step-by-step explanation:
The final answer provides an overview of the possible outcomes when cell cycle arrest occurs at the DNA damage checkpoints. It highlights the G1, S, or G2 arrest states, where the cell temporarily halts its progression for DNA repair.
Depending on the success of the repair, the cell can either resume the cell cycle or undergo apoptosis if the damage is irreparable.