Final answer:
The Pol III holoenzyme of E. coli includes five subunits: α, α, β, β', and ω. These subunits have specific roles in transcription initiation and elongation. The holoenzyme is responsible for transcribing genes in E. coli.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Pol III holoenzyme of E. coli includes five subunits, denoted α, α, β, β', and ω. The two α-subunits are necessary to assemble the RNA polymerase on the DNA, the β-subunit binds to the ribonucleoside triphosphate that becomes part of the new mRNA molecule, the β' subunit binds the DNA template strand, and the ω subunit is involved only in transcription initiation. The holoenzyme contains all five subunits and is responsible for transcribing genes in E. coli.