Final answer:
A transgenic mouse is created by inserting foreign DNA into its genome, with success verified by detecting the gene or assessing the phenotype. Limitations include off-target effects, unpredicted outcomes, and ethical issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
A transgenic mouse is produced by introducing foreign DNA into its genome. This process usually involves microinjecting a desired gene into the pronucleus of a fertilized ovum. The modified egg is then implanted into the uterus of a surrogate mother, where it develops to term.
To determine if the production of a transgenic mouse is successful, scientists look for the presence of the introduced gene in the offspring. This is often done using molecular techniques such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) to amplify and detect the gene, or by assessing the phenotype of the mouse to see if it exhibits the expected changes.
Limitations of transgenic technology include the possibility of off-target effects where the inserted gene affects other parts of the genome, the potential for unpredicted phenotypic outcomes, and ethical considerations involving the welfare of genetically engineered animals.