Final answer:
The furnace used for making high-carbon steel, stainless steel, and other steel alloys with high melting points is the electric arc furnace.
Step-by-step explanation:
The furnace used for making high-carbon steel, stainless steel, and other steel alloys with high melting points is the electric arc furnace (B). This type of furnace is capable of producing the extremely high temperatures needed to melt and alloy the materials required for these types of steel. In contrast, the basic oxygen furnace is primarily used for converting molten iron from the blast furnace into steel by blowing oxygen through the iron to reduce its carbon content. The open-hearth furnace was an older method of making steel from molten pig iron and scrap steel and has largely been replaced by more modern methods.