Question

Portions of the cytoplasmic domains of many immune receptors are targets for phosphorylation. These domains are known as ____

A. Grb domains.
B. ITAMs.
C. leucine zipper motifs.
D. SOS domains.
E. None of the above

Answer 1

The domains in the cytoplasmic parts of immune receptors targeted for phosphorylation are known as ITAMs, which are crucial for immune cell signal transduction.

Step-by-step explanation:

Portions of the cytoplasmic domains of many immune receptors are targets for phosphorylation. These domains are known as ITAMs (Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Activation Motifs). ITAMs are present in the cytoplasmic tails of various immune system receptors, including those in T cells and B cells. They play a critical role in the signal transduction pathways following receptor engagement through the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues, triggering downstream cellular responses such as cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. This phosphorylation can lead to activation of a phosphorylation cascade, ultimately resulting in various cellular responses depending on the cell type and receptor engaged.