Final answer:
The psychological sense of femaleness or maleness is called gender identity, which is an individual's internal perception of their gender and may differ from their biological sex.
Step-by-step explanation:
The psychological sense of femaleness or maleness is referred to as gender identity. This term characterizes a person's deeply held internal perception of their gender, which may or may not correspond with their biological sex. Biological sex refers to the physiological characteristics such as chromosomes, hormones, and reproductive organs that conventionally define individuals as female or male. Gender identity, on the other hand, is how one personally experiences their own gender, which could be male, female, both, neither, or another gender altogether. It's important to recognize that for some individuals, such as transgender people, their gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. The terms masculine and feminine are often associated with gender roles, which are the behaviors and norms society ascribes to people based on their perceived gender. These roles start to get learned through socialization from a very early age in life. Conversely, sex is specifically related to biological attributes.