Final answer:
The correct answer is variable ratio. In this reinforcement schedule, the number of responses needed for a reward varies, which creates high response rates. An example of this schedule is a slot machine rewarding gamblers with money.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is b. variable ratio.
In a variable ratio reinforcement schedule, the number of responses needed for a reward varies. This is the most powerful partial reinforcement schedule. An example of the variable ratio reinforcement schedule is a slot machine that rewards gamblers with money. The gamblers don't know how many times they need to pull the lever before winning, creating an unpredictable and high response rate.