Final answer:
The factor that changes in response to some other factor in an experiment is the dependent variable, which responds to changes in the independent variable controlled by the experimenter.
Step-by-step explanation:
In an experiment, the factor that changes in response to some other factor is referred to as the dependent variable. This is the variable that the researcher measures to see how much effect the independent variable had. The independent variable is the one that is manipulated or controlled by the experimenter to observe its impact on the dependent variable. Control variables are those factors that are held constant throughout the experiment to ensure that any change in the dependent variable is solely due to the manipulation of the independent variable.