Final answer:
Between 1970 and 1980, the increase in homelessness was largely due to a decrease in affordable housing and deinstitutionalization, compounded by governmental policy decisions that reduced social program funding. Economic factors and the overall lack of affordable housing remain core issues driving homelessness today.
Step-by-step explanation:
The increase in homelessness between 1970 and 1980 was caused by several factors, including decrease in affordable housing, the deinstitutionalization of mental health patients, and the subsequent cuts to social programs. The rate of homelessness also correlates with economic conditions, such as recessions that result in job losses and evictions, and even booming economies where rent prices can outstrip the ability of many to afford housing. Further exacerbating this issue were governmental policies, like those under Reagan's administration in the 1980s, which significantly cut funding for social programs that previously helped to mitigate homelessness.
Causes of Homelessness
Multiple factors contribute to homelessness. While substance abuse, mental illness, and poverty are often cited as primary causes, the lack of affordable housing is a key issue. Economic challenges, both local and national, can influence homelessness rates. High rent prices and low vacancy rates in places like California and New York have historically made housing unaffordable for many.
Policy's Role in Homelessness
Governments play a crucial role in addressing homelessness. Policies aimed at privatizing care for the mentally ill or slashing funding for social programs have led to increases in homelessness. The importance of proper funding and policies is highlighted by successful efforts like those during the Obama administration, which, with adequate funding, housed a significant number of homeless veterans.