Final answer:
The steps of the written expression of language involve decision-making, language encoding, graphomotor planning, muscle activation, and visuospatial perception.
Step-by-step explanation:
The steps of the written expression of language (i.e., writing) and the corresponding processes are as follows:
- Decision to write formed in prefrontal cortex: The prefrontal cortex, located in the frontal lobe, is responsible for judgment and abstract reasoning. It is where the decision to write is formed.
- Decision to write sent to Broca's area for language encoding: Broca's area, located in the frontal lobe, is involved in language production and encoding. The decision to write is sent to Broca's area for language encoding.
- Language plans sent to Exner's area in premotor cortex for graphomotor planning: Exner's area, located in the premotor cortex, is responsible for graphomotor planning, which involves planning the movements necessary for writing.
- Graphomotor plans sent to primary motor cortex: The graphomotor plans are sent to the primary motor cortex, located in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe, which controls voluntary movements of the body, including writing.
- Primary motor cortex sends plans to hand muscles: The primary motor cortex sends the plans for writing to the muscles of the hand, which carry out the movements necessary for writing.
- Somatosensory association cortex aids visuospatial elements of writing: The somatosensory association cortex, located in the parietal lobe, helps with the visuospatial elements of writing, such as the perception of shapes and spatial relationships.