Final answer:
Job applicants with "white sounding" names need to submit 15 applications to get a callback, while those with "Black sounding" names must submit 50.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the research conducted by Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan, job applicants with "white sounding" names needed to submit 15 employment applications to receive a callback, whereas job applicants with "Black sounding" names needed to submit 50 to receive a callback. This significant disparity exemplifies racial discrimination in the labor market and indicates that race and ethnicity play considerable roles in employment opportunities.