Final answer:
The question references psychological theories involving stress and coping which incorporate dispositional coping styles, social support, and elements of positive psychology, specifically optimistic thinking and benefit-finding, which have been shown to influence an individual's ability to manage stress and maintain well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
Theories on Coping and Stress Management
The student inquires about which theory includes moderators like dispositional coping styles, social support, and positive psychology and benefit finding. These factors are often discussed within the framework of psychological theories related to stress and coping. Dispositional coping styles refer to an individual's inherent tendencies in responding to stress, ranging from problem-focused to emotion-focused coping strategies.
Social support is a critical moderator in these theories as it can buffer the effects of stress and provide resources for coping. Social support can come from family, friends, or a broader social network and significantly impacts how an individual perceives and manages stress.
Positive psychology, including concepts like optimism and benefit finding, focuses on positive outcomes, personal strengths, and the ability to thrive despite adversity. It has been linked to better health outcomes and enhanced resilience. Optimism as a trait can positively influence physical and mental health, and benefit finding can help individuals see challenging situations as opportunities for growth.