Final answer:
Anaerobic power is produced by the phosphagen and anaerobic glycolysis system, supporting short, intense activities, while aerobic power, provided by the aerobic system, supports long-duration activities through aerobic respiration.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anaerobic power is represented by the phosphagen system and anaerobic glycolysis system, while aerobic power is represented by the aerobic system.
Anaerobic power is crucial for activities that require bursts of energy in a short time, such as a sprinter uses in a race. The phosphagen system, utilizing creatine phosphate, provides about the first 15 seconds of ATP during muscle contraction, which is ideal for explosive and quick actions. Conversely, the anaerobic glycolysis system, involving the breakdown of glucose to ATP and lactic acid, supports high-intensity activities for short periods (anaerobic exercise).
On the other hand, aerobic power predominates in endurance events like marathon running. The aerobic respiration system can supply ATP for several hours or longer as it utilizes oxygen to produce a substantial amount of ATP through a series of chemical reactions, making it the energy system for prolonged activities. Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen and relies on biochemical cycles such as the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain.