Final answer:
The advantage of the theory of planned behavior over the theory of reasoned action is the inclusion of perceived behavioral control, acknowledging that real or perceived constraints may affect an individual's ability to perform a behavior, thus offering a more comprehensive explanation of human actions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory of planned behavior is an extension of the earlier theory of reasoned action, and its main advantage lies in the incorporation of perceived behavioral control. While the theory of reasoned action considers only the individual's intention to perform a behavior based on their attitude toward the behavior and subjective norms, the theory of planned behavior recognizes that an individual's perceived control over the behavior can also influence their actions. This addition is crucial because it acknowledges that even if someone has a strong intention to engage in a behavior, real or perceived constraints may prevent them from doing so, providing a more comprehensive explanation of behavior.
Behavioral economists have leveraged these theories to better understand what may historically have been dismissed as irrational behavior. They suggest that there may be deeper reasons for such behavior, which can be systematically described and explained, moving towards a more nuanced understanding of human actions.