Final answer:
The shift to a service society, option A, is characterized by growing jobs in retail and food service sectors and a decline in manufacturing jobs, signaling a move towards a postindustrial or information society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phenomenon of the growth of jobs in the retail and food service sector and the decline in manufacturing jobs is referred to as a service society, option A. This is indicative of a broader shift towards a postindustrial or information society, where the economy is driven by knowledge and the provision of services rather than the production of material goods. Such societies are characterized by the rising importance of sectors associated with information technology and services over traditional industrial and manufacturing sectors.
As referenced in the LibreTexts information, with over 65% of the US workforce engaged in information-related activities, this societal change reflects a major transition in the job market. Service sector jobs can vary widely in terms of wages; some are high-paying such as computer programming, while others may be low-wage positions in retail or food service. This shift has also contributed to economic disparities, with a growing divide between high-income and low-income individuals.