Final answer:
Hamilton's financial plan strengthened federal credit, benefited wealthy investors, did not include an income tax, and faced opposition from the Republican Party.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct statement combination regarding Alexander Hamilton's plan to fund the national debt includes his proposal for the federal government to assume the state debts, to issue new securities, and to refinance the debt with annual interest payments. It is accurate to say that Hamilton's plan focused on the self-interest of the elite with a belief that economic benefits would trickle down to all. It also aimed at restoring European confidence in the U.S. economy, particularly benefiting those who had invested in government securities.
Hamilton's proposals were based on the British model and were intended to strengthen the federal government's credit and to create a base of capital for future industrial expansion. He did not propose an income tax, rather his revenue generation strategies included tariffs on foreign imports and an excise tax, notably on whiskey.
However, his plan did result in a transfer of wealth from the middle classes and poor to the rich, as it was the wealthy creditors and investors who benefited from the federal government's assumption of debt and the related interest payments. It did not propose close trade relations with Great Britain. The Republican Party, containing figures like Jefferson and Madison, largely opposed Hamilton's plan due to its expansion of federal power, preferring more power to remain with the states, thereby not supporting the plan.