Final answer:
Robert Owen was a British industrialist who created self-sufficient industrial villages, such as New Lanark in Scotland and New Harmony in Indiana, to improve the lives of workers through communal cooperation and social reform.
Step-by-step explanation:
An industrial village that was self-sufficient and complete with agricultural, light industrial, educational, and recreational facilities is a concept notably exemplified by the efforts of Robert Owen, a British factory owner and social reformer. Owen's approach to improving the lives of his workers extended far beyond the workplace, as he built a community in New Lanark, Scotland where he provided health care, education, pensions, communal stores, and housing.
In 1825, Owen established the utopian community of New Harmony, Indiana, with the aim of creating a new social order that prioritized communal cooperation over individual interests. Owen's vision was part of a broader movement of utopian socialism, a reaction to the deplorable living conditions and unfair labor practices that arose during the rise of industrialization. Although the communities he inspired, such as New Harmony, sought an egalitarian society, they often struggled to become self-sufficient and faced challenges in reconciling communal ideals with practical governance.