Final answer:
The term that best defines explicit measures or indicators in a job role is 'competencies,' which are distinct from credentialism, certifications, and continuing competence.
Step-by-step explanation:
When examining statements that define specific areas of knowledge, skills, and abilities for a given role, the best term to describe these measures or indicators is competencies. Credentialism refers to the emphasis on certificates or degrees to indicate that a person has the required skills, education level, or job qualifications, and often facilitates labeling of individuals based on their achievements. In contrast, competence is a broader term referring to general ability or capacity, certifications are the documents that attest to someone's competencies, and continuing competence denotes the maintenance and improvement of skills over time.