Final answer:
The concept Kelly is experiencing is known as operant conditioning, where behavior is influenced by its consequences. Behaviors followed by pleasant outcomes are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by unpleasant outcomes are less likely to be repeated.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept that Kelly, the kindergarten teacher, is experiencing is known as operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a form of learning where behavior is influenced by the consequences that follow it. Behaviors that are followed by something pleasant, such as rewards or reinforcements, are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by something unpleasant, like punishments or negative reinforcements, are less likely to be repeated.