Final answer:
The prison design described in the question is known as a panopticon. It was developed by Jeremy Bentham.
Step-by-step explanation:
The prison design described in the question is known as a panopticon. The panopticon was a type of prison layout developed by the English philosopher and social theorist Jeremy Bentham in the late 18th century. It featured a central watchtower with cell blocks arranged in a circular or radial pattern, allowing for constant observation of the prisoners.
An example of a real-life panopticon prison is the Presidio Modelo in Cuba. The design of the prison allowed a small number of guards to monitor a large number of prisoners effectively, making it an efficient and cost-effective solution for prison management.