Final answer:
'Lean thinking' focuses on eliminating waste and is not primarily concerned with conversation cost, making the statement false. It values prompt and efficient decision-making but also recognizes the need for thorough discussion in scenarios where diversity of thought is essential.
Step-by-step explanation:
'Lean thinking' is primarily concerned with eliminating waste and improving efficiency within a process, focusing on value creation for the end customer. The statement that lean thinking is primarily concerned with conversation cost is false. Lean thinking involves minimizing all forms of waste, including defects, overproduction, waiting, non-utilized talent, transportation, inventory, motion, and excess processing. Reducing transaction costs and conformity costs are both potentially relevant to lean thinking, but neither is the primary focus. Lowering transaction costs can be important in certain scenarios, such as during a fast-paced decision where expediency is crucial—for example, a quick response to a surprise attack. On the other hand, reducing conformity costs may be more important when inclusive decision-making is necessary, like in political party platform deliberations where it's vital to listen to multiple voices to attract diverse voters.