Final answer:
The formula that most closely relates to this concept is 'Confirmation = Customer satisfaction ≥ Expectations', which suggests that confirmation occurs when customer satisfaction is equal to or greater than what was expected.
Step-by-step explanation:
The expectancy confirmation theory is a psychological principle that relates to the preconceived notions or expectations people have about experiences or products and how their perception of the actual experience confirms or disconfirms these expectations. In terms of customer satisfaction, the theory suggests that satisfaction is derived from the comparison between what customers expect versus what they actually perceive. Therefore, the correct formula that illustrates the expectancy confirmation theory would be E) Confirmation = Customer satisfaction ≥ Expectations.
The closest match to this understanding comes from option E, which suggests confirmation occurs when customer satisfaction meets or exceeds their expectations. While this specific formula might not be the most academically rigorous expression of the theory, it adequately reflects the general idea that satisfaction is linked to whether the actual experience meets or surpasses what was anticipated.