Final answer:
Site-specific recombination commonly occurs during meiosis in eukaryotes, specifically during homologous recombination. This process involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, leading to increased genetic diversity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Site-specific recombination commonly occurs during meiosis in eukaryotes. During synapsis in the first cell division of meiosis, homologous chromosomes align and exchange segments of genetic material in a process known as homologous recombination. This exchange of alleles between homologous chromosomes through DNA breakage and ligation increases genetic diversity in species. The process of crossover, or recombination, occurs when two homologous chromosomes align and exchange genetic material. This can be visualized in the formation of recombinant and non-recombinant chromosomes.