Final answer:
A collage is indeed created by gluing various materials to a flat surface, which qualifies the statement as TRUE. This artistic method was developed after the invention of paper and has been used by notable artists throughout history to blend 'high' and 'low' culture in art.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that a collage is a work made by gluing various materials on a flat surface is TRUE. Collage is derived from the French word coller, which means "to glue." This art technique involves assembling different pieces such as newspapers, magazines, photographs, paint, and other found objects, which are then glued to a piece of paper or canvas. Collage as an artistic method was developed after paper was invented in China around 300 BCE. Renowned artists like Picasso and Matisse were instrumental in the development and popularization of collage, particularly during art movements like Cubism and the Harlem Renaissance with artists such as Romare Bearden.
Moreover, movements including Dadaism employed collage and its variation, photomontage, to incorporate elements of daily life into art. This art form marked a significant shift from traditional painting and sculpture, as artists during this period were experimenting with new materials and techniques coming out of the industrial revolution. This was a time when the boundaries between 'high' fine art and 'low' commercial culture were being challenged through innovative artistic expressions.