Final answer:
In real-time systems projects, analysts allocate Manual Requirements to people, as opposed to software or hardware requirements. These involve tasks performed by humans within a project's constraints, like cost and environmental conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
In embedded and real-time systems projects, when requirements are decomposed into derived requirements, the type of requirement that would typically be allocated to people is B. Manual Requirements. These requirements involve aspects that human operators or users need to perform manually, as opposed to those executed by software or hardware components. For example, monitoring a specific status indicator or performing a manual override in a scenario where automation isn't available or is considered unsafe.
Requirements and Constraints play a crucial role in project development, especially in scenarios where environmental conditions, such as a village with no electrical grid, impose specific limitations. The requirements for such a project might include the purity of the water, the production rate, and the system's life expectancy. Constraints could involve design, fabrication, operation, and maintenance costs, as well as safety and environmental considerations. Within this context, the problem statement for a water purification system might state that this system needs to support the needs of 50 people with an operation cost not exceeding $2 per thousand gallons over a 10-year span.