Question

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about urinary retention. Which of the following clients should the nurse include as having an increased risk for this condition?

1) A client with a history of urinary tract infections
2) A client with a history of kidney stones
3) A client with a history of constipation
4) A client with a history of diabetes

Answer 1

Clients with a history of urinary tract infections and kidney stones are at an increased risk for urinary retention, as these conditions can lead to blockages and affect the bladder's ability to empty. Diabetes can also increase risk due to potential nerve damage affecting bladder control.

Step-by-step explanation:

Urinary retention is a condition where the bladder doesn't empty completely or at all during urination, which can increase the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to the stagnant urine providing an environment for bacteria to grow. Various health issues can lead to urinary retention, including urinary tract infections, kidney stones, constipation, and factors associated with uncontrolled diabetes and high blood pressure that may cause damage to the nerves that control the bladder.

Clients with a history of urinary tract infections may have scarring or other changes that affect the bladder's ability to empty fully. Similarly, those with a history of kidney stones may experience blockages or irritation that can lead to retention. Chronic constipation can also physically impede urine flow by pressing on the urinary tract. Furthermore, a history of diabetes can cause neuropathy, which affects nerve function, leading to an inability to sense when the bladder is full or to control urination effectively.