Final answer:
Barotrauma is a general concern for PTJV which involves injury to lung tissue due to excessive pressure. Increased airway resistance can cause greater negative intrapleural pressure, while a puncture to the thoracic cavity disrupts the pressure needed for inhalation, potentially causing a collapsed lung.
Step-by-step explanation:
A general concern for PTJV, which stands for pressure-targeted jet ventilation, might include complications such as volutrauma, airway obstruction, kinking of the catheter, or barotrauma. Among these options, barotrauma is often a significant concern because it involves injury to the lung tissue due to excessive pressure. This can occur when the pressure of the air delivered during ventilation damages the alveoli. PTJV aims to deliver breaths at high frequency and at a controlled pressure to reduce lung injury, but caution must be taken to avoid applying too much pressure. Increased airway resistance would result in the requirement of a greater negative intrapleural pressure during inhalation to achieve the same level of airflow into the lungs. This could lead to more pronounced negative pressure, potentially causing additional stress on lung structures. Conversely, a puncture to the thoracic cavity, such as from a knife wound, could disrupt the negative pressure necessary for inhalation, leading to a collapsed lung (pneumothorax) and thereby impeding the ability to inhale effectively.