Final answer:
Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, is characterized by high fever, body aches, headache, nausea, and lethargy. It may also result in a rash, intestinal hemorrhage, delirium, and dehydration. Asymptomatic carriers can unknowingly spread the disease, which is preventable through vaccination and treatable with antibiotics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Common Symptoms of Salmonella Typhi - Typhoid Fever
The bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is responsible for typhoid fever, a serious illness that presents a variety of symptoms. Individuals infected with this bacterium often experience a high fever, which can range between 40-41 °C (104-105.8 °F). Other common symptoms include body aches, headache, nausea, and lethargy. Patients might also observe a skin rash or signs of intestinal hemorrhage. Additionally, typhoid fever can cause delirium and severe dehydration. Interestingly, some carriers can be asymptomatic, meaning they show no symptoms despite being infected and can unknowingly spread the disease to others, as was the case with the infamous 'Typhoid Mary' in the early 1900s.
To prevent the spread of the disease and reduce mortality, appropriate antibiotic treatment is necessary and typically includes fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin. Vaccination is also recommended for individuals traveling to areas where typhoid fever is prevalent to help prevent infection.