Final answer:
The area of philosophy concerned with society's regulation and control to maintain prosperity, protect rights, and enhance resources is known as Political Science. It encompasses various questions about government, ethics, and the pursuit of social justice, and continues to influence governance and societal norms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The area of philosophy that deals with the regulation and control of people living in society to preserve prosperity, defend rights, and augment resources is known as Political Science. Political science, as a discipline, explores the systematic governance of a community or state and involves consideration of various forms of government, ethical policymaking, upholding social justice, and ensuring the effective distribution of resources. At its core, political philosophy seeks to understand the foundations of political systems and their implications for human rights, citizenship, societal roles, and duties. Key figures such as Aristotle have linked ethical living to the necessity of a well-constructed political society. Political philosophy incorporates several areas of inquiry, including normative political science, which relies on reason and logic to determine the purpose of government or what makes a good citizen. Conversely, empirical political science looks at the actual behavior of humans within political systems, shedding light on how individuals interact within the framework established by political philosophy. As societies continue to evolve, the questions and theories rooted in political philosophy persist due to their integral role in shaping governance and societal norms. The subject directly influences liberalism, conservativism, and other ideologies that contribute to establishing societal balance and addressing issues of individual versus group interest and inequality.