Final answer:
Hemophilia A is a congenital disorder characterized by a deficiency in clotting factor VIII, causing prolonged bleeding and related issues. It is sex-linked, primarily affecting males who inherit the gene from a carrier mother. Treatment can involve infusions of clotting factors, with potential genetic therapies in the future.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse takes into consideration that hemophilia A is a congenital disorder. This genetic disorder is a part of a group related to problems with blood clotting, due to a deficiency in clotting factors. Specifically, in hemophilia A, there is an inadequate synthesis of clotting factor VIII.
Hemophilia A is the most common form of hemophilia, accounting for about 80 percent of cases. It is a sex-linked disorder associated with the X chromosome. Male offspring inherit the gene from a carrier mother, since males have one X chromosome (XY), while females (XX) would need to inherit a defective gene from each parent to have the disorder.
Patients with hemophilia A experience prolonged bleeding from minor injuries and may have bleeding into joints or release blood into their urine or stool. While treatments currently include regular infusions of clotting factors, future therapies may include genetic approaches.