Final answer:
Acute glomerulonephritis typically follows an infection by A Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, especially Streptococcus pyogenes, which leads to an immune response causing inflammation in the glomeruli of the kidneys.
Step-by-step explanation:
When planning care for a 6-year-old boy with acute glomerulonephritis, it is important to be aware that this condition usually follows an infection by A Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, particularly Streptococcus pyogenes. While Streptococcus pyogenes itself does not infect the glomeruli directly, the immune complexes formed between the bacterial antigens and the body's antibodies can lodge in the glomeruli's capillary endothelial cells. This results in an inflammatory response that causes damage and inflammation, leading to glomerulonephritis. Post-streptococcal sequelae of this nature are well-characterized and commonly follow streptococcal pharyngitis or skin infections.