Final answer:
Humans share a more recent common ancestor with Homo ergaster than with Australopithecus anamensis; this is true considering the evolutionary lineage and anatomical similarities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that humans share a more recent common ancestor with Homo ergaster than with Australopithecus anamensis is true. The evolutionary timeline indicates that Homo ergaster, which lived around 1.8 million years ago, is more closely related to modern humans than Australopithecus anamensis, which existed between two and three million years ago. Homo ergaster had an essentially modern form and shared less sexual dimorphism compared to earlier hominins like the australopithecines, indicating a closer anatomical similarity to modern humans. Furthermore, Homo ergaster is a descendant of the Australopithecus genus, suggesting that it follows them in our evolutionary lineage.