Final answer:
Information stored in the nucleus is translated into proteins. This involves transcription of DNA to mRNA and subsequent translation of mRNA at the ribosomes to synthesize proteins. Proteins are vital for various cellular functions and structural components.
Step-by-step explanation:
The information stored in the nucleus is translated into proteins. This process is part of the central dogma of molecular biology, which consists of two primary steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA), which then leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. There, during translation, the ribosomal machinery uses the sequence of the mRNA to synthesize proteins by assembling amino acids in the correct order.
The main components of the cellular structures like the plasma membrane and myelin involve lipids along with proteins. For instance, myelin is mainly composed of lipids and proteins. Moreover, lipids also serve various other roles in the cell, including energy storage, signaling, and as structural components of cellular membranes.
Therefore, the answer to the question is C) proteins.