Final answer:
True, low institutional collectivism stresses individual achievement and rewards, contrasting with high collectivism's emphasis on group objectives. Cultural, historical, and economic influences determine a society's collective or individualist orientation.
Step-by-step explanation:
True: Countries with low institutional collectivism do emphasize individual achievement and rewards. These societies prioritize personal success, autonomy, and competition over collective goals and social harmony associated with high institutional collectivism.
Individualist cultures, like those predominantly found in Western nations such as the United States, England, and Australia, place great value on individual rights, freedoms, and successes. Conversely, collectivist cultures typically emphasize the needs and goals of the community as a whole above individual desires. This collective focus is more common in East Asian countries and several Latin American and African nations.
Factors influencing these cultural orientations include historical development, economic systems, legal systems, and the human need for belonging and individuality. Cultures embracing individualism, associated with Western pioneering, purport that personal freedom and responsibility are paramount. On the other hand, collectivist cultures often view the interdependence within society as crucial, balancing individual rights with communal responsibilities.