Final Answer:
Energy is defined as B) the capacity to do work.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct definition of energy is encapsulated in option B, which states that energy is the capacity to do work. In the context of physics, energy is a fundamental quantity that describes the ability or capacity of a system to perform work. Work involves the application of force to move an object over a distance, and energy is the underlying property that allows this to happen. It exists in various forms, including kinetic energy, potential energy, thermal energy, and more.
Options A, C, and D provide alternative concepts but do not capture the broad and fundamental nature of energy as the capacity to do work. Energy can manifest in various ways, including the performance of tasks, but the comprehensive definition involves its potential to accomplish work.
Option B is the answer.