Final answer:
Bisque is the term for earthenware or porcelain that has been fired once but not glazed, also known as biscuit. It refers to ceramic ware that is ready for glazing after the initial firing, different from glazed ceramics like lusterware or the translucent quality of porcelain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for earthenware or porcelain that has been fired once but not glazed, also known as biscuit, is 2) Bisque. Bisque refers to ceramic ware that has gone through an initial firing to harden the clay and prepare it for glazing. It's an important stage in pottery making because after bisque firing, the clay body has transformed to a state that is porous yet firm, which allows it to absorb glazes before a subsequent firing. Unlike lusterware which receives a metallic glaze during a second firing, or porcelain known for its translucent quality, bisque is unglazed and matte in appearance. Steven discussed the use of slip, a clay and water mixture, applied before the bisque fire, and Beth noted that firing takes place in a kiln at about 900 degrees Celsius.