Final answer:
The correct answer to the student's question about symptoms of alcohol dependence is option 1, which lists craving, loss of control, physical dependence, and tolerance as the four symptoms. These symptoms indicate a complex disease that involves both physical and psychological factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Alcoholism, also known as alcohol dependence, is a condition in which stopping the use of alcohol produces both physical and psychological symptoms. It includes several symptoms that can be grouped as follows:
- Craving - A strong and continuous desire to drink alcohol.
- Loss of control - The inability to limit one's drinking on any given occasion.
- Physical dependence - Withdrawal symptoms when alcohol use is discontinued, such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety.
- Tolerance - The need to drink greater amounts of alcohol to get "high."
The correct response to the question posed by the student is option 1: Craving, loss of control, physical dependence, and tolerance.
Drug dependence is a broader term that can refer to both the physiological and the psychological aspects of addiction. The term tolerance refers to the body's physical adaptation to a drug, necessitating increased amounts to achieve the original effects. When a person stops using a substance and experiences negative withdrawal symptoms, it reflects a developed dependence on the drug. Alcoholism is thus recognized as a disease due to the presence of these symptoms, persuading society to view alcoholics with more understanding, as they struggle with the complex interplay of physical and psychological factors associated with alcohol addiction and dependency.