Final answer:
Karl Marx is the principal figure associated with Conflict Theory, which analyzes societal conflicts as a dynamic force, especially in the context of class struggle in capitalist societies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Major figures in Conflict Theory include its primary founder, German philosopher and sociologist Karl Marx. He viewed societal conflicts as the driving force of change in society, particularly related to class struggle and the imbalances between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat classes in capitalist societies. Conflict Theory suggests that the competition for limited resources leads to inherent inequalities within social institutions and perpetuates power differentials and oppression. In addition to Karl Marx, other notable figures who have contributed to the conflict perspective include Friedrich Engels, who worked closely with Marx. The theory has been expanded upon to address various social inequalities including gender, race, and ethnicity.