Final answer:
Poka-yoke is the term that refers to error- or mistake-proofing in Lean manufacturing. Hence the correct answer is option 4
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to error- or mistake-proofing is Poka-yoke.
Poka-yoke is a Japanese term that means 'mistake-proofing' or 'error-proofing'. It is a technique used in Lean manufacturing to prevent errors or mistakes from occurring in a process. Poka-yoke devices or methods are designed to make it impossible or difficult for errors to occur, thereby improving quality and productivity.
For example, a poka-yoke device could be a sensor that alerts a worker if they forget to tighten a screw. This prevents the product from being assembled incorrectly, reducing defects and rework.
Hence the correct answer is option 4