Final answer:
Management-by-objectives is a management system focused on aligning employee performance with organizational goals, not merely individual career objectives. This concept differs from individual-focused theories such as Theory X and Theory Y of leadership behavior, and strengths-based management.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement given in the question is false. Management-by-objectives (MBO) is actually a management system designed to align employees' performance with the organization's overall objectives. The main goal of MBO is to improve organizational performance by clearly defining objectives that are agreed upon by both management and employees.
Leadership behavior theories like Theory X and Theory Y, initially described by Douglas McGregor, outline different managerial assumptions about workers. Theory X posits that people inherently dislike work and must be coerced or controlled to perform, while Theory Y assumes that employees are self-motivated and thrive on responsibility, and are therefore more productive when they are involved in goal-setting and decision-making processes.
Another concept in management is the strengths-based management approach, which focuses on leveraging an individual's inherent strengths rather than improving their weaknesses. This style, conceptualized by Donald Clifton, underscores the importance of using an employee's talents to achieve high performance.
Organizational effectiveness is not solely about steering towards career objectives of individuals but ensuring that they are well-aligned with the broader goals of the organization.